Material Selection

Almost any fine particle metal that can be sintered is suitable for Metal Injection Moulding, the main exceptions being aluminium and zinc. Metallurgical properties are similar to castings and mechanical strengths and ductility are superior to conventionally sintered parts.

Conventional sintering/powder metallurgy results in numerous large interconnected voids, which are angular in shape, leading to weaker, brittle parts. MIM components are more dense and any remaining pores are small, spherical and not connected, resulting in superior tensile strength, impact strength and elongation.

Heat treatment can be carried out on metal Injection mouldings in a conventional manner, including surface hardening, whilst other secondary operations such as polishing, grinding, plating, bending and even welding can be undertaken in the normal way. As may be expected, specifications of materials for MIM parts are slightly different to wrought materials, but may be adjusted to meet the mechanical properties required.

A selection of metal Injection moulding materials is given below, but others can be supplied and we would be pleased to discuss your requirements.

Design for Investment casting
DESIGNATION MATERIAL TYPE & CONDITION NOMINAL COMPOSITION % TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
UTS YS EL HARDNESS
Fe Ni C Cr Others N/mm˛ N/mm˛ % HRB/HRC
Low Alloy Steels
FeNi2 as sintered Bal 2 0 - -   300   130 30 45HRB
FeNi2C0.5 as sintered Bal 2 0.5 - -   400   180 15 60HRB
FeNi2C0.5 hardened and tempered Bal 2 0.5 - - 1300 1000 2 50HRC*
FeNi8 as sintered Bal 8 0 - -   420   220 25 65HRB
FeNi8C0.5 as sintered Bal 8 0.5 - -   500   340 15 75HRB
FeNi8C0.5 hardened and tempered Bal 8 0.5 - - 1500 1300 2 45HRC*
Stainless Steels *Variable hardnesses can be achieved depending on temper
316L as sintered Bal 12 0.01 17 Mo 2   500   170 45 65HRB
17-4PH as sintered Bal 4 - 16 Cu 4; Nb+Ta 0.3   800   675 6 25HRC
17-4PH heat treated Bal 4 - 16 Cu 4; Nb+Ta 0.3 1150 1075 5 30HRC*
Magnetic Alloys *Variable hardnesses can be achieved depending on temper
Fe Pure Iron 99.5 min - - - - - - - -
FeNi50 50/50 Nickel Iron 50 50 - - - - - - -
FeSi Silicon Iron Bal - - - Si as required - - - -
Low Expansion Alloys
FeNi46 Invar Bal 46 - - - - - - -
FeNi28Co17 Kovar Bal 28 - - Co 17 - - - -
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